A History of Public Administration : Volume II: From the Eleventh Century to the Present Day

First published in 1972, the object of this work is to provide a history of public administration from earliest times up to the present day. The survey, necessarily selective, is broadly based, ranging from the prehistoric cave-dwellers to twentieth-century administration. Viewpoints are varied to bring in the several levels and spheres of operation; namely, directional and personnel, organizational and technical, biographical and theoretical. The work is in two volumes. Volume One covers the main civilizations of the Middle East, India, China and the West up to the eleventh century A.D. Volume Two, continuing the same field, extends its scope to include the civilizations of pre-Columbian America, the colonial empire and international administration. At a time when the scope of public administration is continually expanding, and more research is being carried out into administrative problems, much can be learned from the administrative lessons of the past. Dr. E.N. Gladden, a retired civil servant, has designed this work to integrate a vast and diverse subject. Contents 10 Introduction 12 1 Medieval Europe: Age of Experiment (AD 1000 to 1500) 18 2 Middle East: East-West Impact (1071 to 1683) 66 3 Sixteenth Century Europe (1485 to 1603) 102 4 Early American Civilizations 128 5 The New Administration Begins to Emerge in Europe (1610 to 1786) 158 6 China: Sung and After 208 7 Indian Statecraft (1556 to 1853) 248 8 Age of Revolutions (1649 to 1815) 274 9 Development of Modern Systems of Public Administration 324 10 Public Administration Adapting to the Needs of a New Age 382 Index 418 Originally published in 1972, this book offers an investigation of the administrative context of earlier ages and raises the suspicion that administration, like human nature, may not have varied very much since human society began.