A Handbook of Rice Seedborne Fungi

This handbook focuses on the important seedborne fungi that cause diseases of the foliage, stem, leafsheath, root, grain, and inflorescence in rice. It provides information on more than 50 species that have been detected in rice seed during routine testing and analysis. Seed health testing is also a means of quality control that ensures the exchange of high-quality seed among scientists or research centers. For this reason, the Seed Health Unit at IFW functions as the gatekeeper of safe germplasm movement from and within IRRI, the Philippines, and outside. Preface V INTRODUCTION 1 FUNCTIONS OF SEED HEALTH TESTING Cataloguing pathogens of crops Detection methods Post introduction measures THE MISSING LINK Epidemiology Disease and infection cycles Seed transmission Relationship between seedborne inoculum and disease development in the field Inoculum level and inoculum thresholds Risk analysis Microorganisms associated with seed SEED HEALTH MANAGEMENT FOR CROP PRODUCTION IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGI DETECTED ON RICE SEED Seedborne fungi causing foliage diseases in rice Alternaria padwickii Bipolaris oryzae Cercospora janseana Microdochium oryzae Pyricularia oryzae Seedborne fungi causing stem, leaf sheath, and root diseases in rice Fusarium moniliforme Sarocladium oryzae Seedborne fungi causing grain and infloresence diseases in rice Curvularia sp. Fusarium solani Nigrospora sp. Phoma sorghina Pinatubo oryzae Tilletia barclayana Other fungi detected on rice seeds Acremoniella atra Acremoniella verrucosa Alternaria longissima Alternaria tenuissima Aspergillus clavatus Aspergillus flavus-oryzae Aspergillus niger Chaetomium globosum Cladosporium sp. Curvularia eragrostidis Dreclslera hawaiiensis Epicoccum purpurascens Fusarium avenaceum Fusarium equiseti Fusarium larvarum Fusarium nivale Fusarium semitectum Gilmaniella humicola Memnoniella sp. Microascus cirrosus Monodictys putredinis Myrothecium sp. Nakataea sigmoidea Nectria haematococca Papularia sphaerosperma Penicillium sp. Pestalotia sp. Phaeoseptoria sp. Phaeotrichoconis crotolariae Pithomyces sp. Pyrenochaeta sp. Rhizopus sp. Septogloeum sp. Sordaria fimicola Spinulospora pucciniiphila Sterigmatobotrys macrocarpa Taeniolina sp. Tetraploa aristata Trichoderma sp. Trichothecium sp. Tritirachium sp. Ulocladium botrytis REFERENCES