A Grammar of the Bedouin Dialects of Central and Southern Sinai (Handbook of Oriental Studies/Handbuch der Orientalistik, 101)

After Publishing A Grammar Of The Bedouin Dialects Of The Northern Sinai Littoral: Bridging The Linguistic Gap Between The Eastern And Western Arab World (brill:2000), Rudolf De Jong Completes His Description Of The Bedouin Dialects Of The Sinai Desert Of Egypt By Adding The Present Volume. To Facilitate Direct Comparison Of All Sinai Dialects, The Dialect Descriptions In Both Volumes Run Parallel And Are Thus Structured In The Same Manner. Quoting From His Own Extensive Material And Using A Total Of 95 Criteria For Comparison, De Jong Applies The Method Of 'multi-dimensional Scaling' And His Own 'step-method' To Arrive At A Subdivision Into Eight (of Which Seven Are 'bedouin') Typological Groups In Sinai. An Appendix With 68 Maps And Dialectrometrical Plots Completes The Picture.--publisher's Website. A Description Of The Dialects Of The Ǧbāliyyah, Awlād Sa'īd, ṣawālḥah, Garāršah And ḥamādah With Remarks On The Dialects Of The Hanādwah And 'lēgāt -- A Description Of The Dialects Of The Mzēnah And Baniy Wāṣil -- A Description Of The Dialects Of The Taṛābīn, Ḥwēṭāt, Ǧarāǧrah, Tayāha, Badāṛah, Dbūr And Malālḥah. By Rudolf E. De Jong. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Contents List of Illustrations Abbreviations and Symbols Preface Introduction I. General a. Central and Southern Sinai in Recent History b. Cultural Background c. Present-day Distribution of Bedouin Tribes in Central and Southern Sinai and Surrounding Regions d. Remarks on the Arrival of Bedouin Tribes in Central and Southern Sinai and some Remarks on their History e. Professional Activities of Bedouin in Central Southern Sinai Today f. Research Questions and Purpose of this Study II. Fieldwork Methodology a. Infrastructural Arrangements b. Selecting Targets for Field Research c. Selecting Informants d. Gathering Linguistic Material e. Difficulties during Field Research III. Presentation of the Data a. Presentation of the Data and Selecting Criteria for Comparison b. Method of Description Chapter One: A Description of the Dialects of the Ǧbāliyyah, Awlād Sa'īd, Ṣawālḥah, Garāršah and Ḥamāḍah with Remarks on the Dialects of the Hanādwah and 'Lēgāt Introduction 1. Phonology 1.1. Consonants 1.2. Vowels 2. Stress and Phonotactics 2.1. Stress 2.2. Phonotactics 2.3. Anaptyxis 2.4. Elision of Short Vowels 2.5. Assimilation 3. Morphology 3.1. Nominal Morphology 3.2. Verbal Morphology 4. Remarks on Phraseology 4.1. Nunation 4.2. Negation 4.3. The b-imperfect 4.4. Future Marker 4.5. fīh “there is / are” 4.6. Some Conjunctions 4.7. Auxiliaries and Verbal Particles 4.8. Presentative Particles 4.9. ġayr 4.10. Intensifying Particle la 4.11. bidd or widd + pron. suffix 4.12. 'ād 4.13. yabga 4.14. Characteristics of the Narrative Style 4.15. Pluralis paucitatis 4.16. Concord 5. A Sketchy Remark on Pitch Chapter Two: A Description of the Dialects of the Mzēnah and Baniy Wāṣil Introduction 1. Phonology 1.1. Consonants 1.2. Vowels 2. Stress and Phonotactics 2.1. Stress 2.2. Phonotactics 2.3. Anaptyxis 2.4. Elision of Short Vowels 2.5. Assimilation 3. Morphology 3.1. Nominal Morphology 3.2. Verbal Morphology 4. Remarks on Phraseology 4.1. Nunation 4.2. Negation 4.3. The b-imperfect 4.4. Future Marker 4.5. fīh “there is / are” 4.6. Some Conjunctions 4.7. Auxiliaries and Verbal Particles 4.8. Presentative Particles 4.9. ġayr 4.10. Intensifying Particle la 4.11. bidd or widd + pron. suffix 4.12. 'ād 4.13. yabga 4.14. Characteristics of the Narrative Style 4.15. Pluralis paucitatis 4.16. Concord 5. A Sketchy Remark on Pitch Chapter Three: A Description of the Dialects of the Taṛābīn, Ḥwēṭāt, Ǧarāǧrah, Tayāha, Badāṛah, Dbūr and Malālḥah Introduction 1. Phonology 1.1. Consonants 1.2. Vowels 2. Stress and Phonotactics 2.1. Stress 2.2. Phonotactics 2.3. Anaptyxis 2.4. Elision of Short Vowels 2.5. Assimilation 3. Morphology 3.1. Nominal Morphology 3.2. Verbal Morphology 4. Remarks on Phraseology 4.1. Nunation 4.2. Negation 4.3. The b-imperfect 4.4. Future Marker 4.5. fīh “there is / are” 4.6. Some Conjunctions 4.7. Auxiliaries and Verbal Particles 4.8. Presentative Particles 4.9. ġayr 4.10. Intensifying Particle la 4.11. bidd or widd + pron. suffix 4.12. ʿād 4.13. yabga 4.14. Characteristics of the Narrative Style 4.15. Pluralis paucitatis 4.16. Concord 5. A Sketchy Remark on Pitch Conclusions I. Comparing Dialects a. Methods of Comparing Dialects II. Remarks to the Maps in the Appendix a. Criteria for Comparison from De Jong 2000 Producing Differences/Similarities in Central and Southern Sinai b. Added Criteria for Comparison of Dialects in Central and Southern Sinai III. Isoglosses a. The Identified Isoglosses in Central and Southern Sinai b. The Step Method to Calculate Relative Typological Distances between Dialects c. A Continuum: From Group VII Through Group VIII Towards Group I d. Multi-Dimensional Scaling e. ‘Bedouinness’ vs ‘Sedentariness’ f. The Locations of Isogloss Bundles in Central and Southern Sinai g. A ‘Virtual’ Isogloss Bundle, Number –39–: BWA and MzA IV. Methods of Illustrating Dialect Differences a. Some Remarks on Methods of Illustrating Typological Similarities/Differences of Dialects b. Multi-Dimensional Scaling in a Two-Dimensional Map c. Other Results of the MDS Plot d. Grouping Dialects Using a Dendrogram e. What Informants Say V. A Comparison of the Dialect of the Ḥwēṭāt of Southern Jordan and the Ḥwēṭāt of Sinai VI. Final Conclusions a. The Position of Sinai Dialects in Northwest Arabian Arabic (the NWA-group) Bibliography Index Appendix Comparing Dialects --Methods of Comparing Dialects --Remarks to the Maps in the Appendix --Criteria for Comparison from De Jong 2000 Producing Differences/Similarities in Central and Southern Sinai --Added Criteria for Comparison of Dialects in Central and Southern Sinai --Isoglosses --The Identified Isoglosses in Central and Southern Sinai --The Step Method to Calculate Relative Typological Distances between Dialects --A Continuum: From Group VII Through Group VIII Towards Group I --Multi-Dimensional Scaling --'Bedouinness' vs 'Sedentariness' --The Locations of Isogloss Bundles in Central and Southern Sinai --A 'Virtual' Isogloss Bundle, Number -39-: BWA and MzA --Methods of Illustrating Dialect Diffferences --Some Remarks on Methods of Illustrating Typological Similarities/Diffferences of Dialects --Multi-Dimensional Scaling in a Two-Dimensional Map --Other Results of the MDS Plot --Grouping Dialects Using a Dendrogram --What Informants Say --A Comparison of the Dialect of the Ḥwēṭāt of Southern Jordan and the Ḥwēṭāt of Sinai --Final Conclusions --The Position of Sinai Dialects in Northwest Arabian Arabic (the NWA-group) Stress and Phonotactics --Stress --Phonotactics --Anaptyxis --Elision of Short Vowels --Assimilation --Morphology --Nominal Morphology --Verbal Morphology --Remarks on Phraseology --Nunation --Negation --The b-imperfect --Future Marker --fīh "there is / are" --Some Conjunctions --Auxiliaries and Verbal Particles --Presentative Particles --ġayr --Intensifying Particle la --bidd or widd + pron --ʻād --yabga --Characteristics of the Narrative Style --Pluralis paucitatis --Concord --A Sketchy Remark on Pitch --A Description of the Dialects of the Mzēnah and Baniy Wāṣil .Phonology --Consonants --Vowels --Stress and Phonotactics --Stress --Phonotactics --Anaptyxis --Elision of Short Vowels --Assimilation --Morphology --Nominal Morphology --Verbal Morphology --Remarks on Phraseology --Nunation --Negation --The b-imperfect --Future Marker --fīh "there is / are" --Some Conjunctions --Auxiliaries and Verbal Particles.2 Introduction --General --Central and Southern Sinai in Recent History --Cultural Background --Present-day Distribution of Bedouin Tribes in Central and Southern Sinai and Surrounding Regions --Remarks on the Arrival of Bedouin Tribes in Central and Southern Sinai and some Remarks on their History --Professional Activities of Bedouin in Central and Southern Sinai Today --Research Questions and Purpose of this Study --Fieldwork Methodology --Infrastructural Arrangements --Selecting Targets for Field Research --Selecting Informants --Gathering Linguistic Material --Difficulties during Field Research --Presentation of the Data --Presentation of the Data and Selecting Criteria for Comparison --Method of Description --A Description of the Dialects of the Ǧbāliyyah, Awlād Saīd, Ṣawālḥah, Garāršah and Ḥamāḍah with Remarks on the Dialects of the Hanādwah and Lēgāt.Phonology --Consonants --Vowels.1 Presentative Particles --ġayr --Intensifying Particle la --bidd or widd + pron --ʻād --yabga --Characteristics of the Narrative Style --Pluralis paucitatis --Concord --A Sketchy Remark on Pitch --A Description of the Dialects of the Taṛābīn, Ḥwēṭāt, Ǧarāǧrah, Tayāha, Badāṛah, Dbūr and Malālḥah.Phonology --Consonants --Vowels --Stress and Phonotactics --Stress --Phonotactics --Anaptyxis --Elision of Short Vowels --Assimilation --Morphology --Nominal Morphology --Verbal Morphology --Remarks on Phraseology --Nunation --Negation --The b-imperfect --Future Marker --fīh "there is / are" --Some Conjunctions --Auxiliaries and Verbal Particles --Presentative Particles --ġayr --Intensifying Particle la --bidd or widd + pron --ʻād --yabga --Characteristics of the Narrative Style --Pluralis paucitatis --Concord --A Sketchy Remark on Pitch.3 This book complements A Grammar of the Bedouin Dialects of the Northern Sinai Littoral: Bridging the Linguistic Gap between the Eastern and Western Arab World (Brill: 2000) thus completing the author's description of Bedouin dialects of Sinai. Earlier and new data are synthesized in a dialectometrical approach for a subdivision into eight groups