A fragile freedom : African American women and emancipation in the antebellum city

This book is the first to chronicle the lives of African American women in the urban north during the early years of the republic. __A Fragile Freedom__ investigates how African American women in Philadelphia journeyed from enslavement to the precarious status of “free persons” in the decades leading up to the Civil War and examines comparable developments in the cities of New York and Boston. Erica Armstrong Dunbar argues that early nineteenth-century Philadelphia, where most African Americans were free, enacted a kind of rehearsal for the national emancipation that followed in the post–Civil War years. She explores the lives of the “regular” women of antebellum Philadelphia, the free black institutions that took root there, and the previously unrecognized importance of African American women to the history of American cities.

In 1936, twenty-year-old Edward Weismiller became the youngest poet to win the prestigious Yale Series of Younger Poets prize. Today, more than sixty years later, he retains that distinction. Yale University Press here reintroduces Edward Weismiller - now the oldest living Younger Poet - with the publication of his latest book of poetry. Weismiller’s is "a talent that has kept faith with itself and its sources," says W. S. Merwin, current judge of the Younger Poets Series.

In Walking Toward the Sun, youthful lyricism has given way to plainness of speech - even spareness. These poems are honest and unflinching, always striking in their prosody. They will remind some readers of Yeats, for they convey nobility in the face of old age, infirmity, and disappointment. Weismiller sings powerfully about a world of loss, but he is never grim or despairing. The poet in old age remains hopeful, open to possibility, and always aware of beauty in the smallest places.

"This book is the first to chronicle the lives of African American women in the urban North during the early years of the republic. A Fragile Freedom investigates how African American women in Philadelphia journeyed from enslavement to the precarious status of "free persons" in the decades leading up to the Civil War and examines comparable developments in the cities of New York and Boston." "Erica Armstrong Dunbar argues that early nineteenth-century Philadelphia, where most African Americans were free, enacted a kind of rehearsal for the national emancipation that followed in the post-Civil War years. She explores the lives of the "regular" women of antebellum Philadelphia, the free black institutions that took root there, and the previously unrecognized importance of African American women to the history of American cities."--Jacket. Contents 7 Illustrations 9 Acknowledgments 11 Introduction 17 1. Slavery and the “Holy Experiment” 24 2. Maneuvering Manumission in Philadelphia: African American Women and Indentured Servitude 42 3. Creating Black Philadelphia: African American Women and Their Neighborhoods 64 4. Voices from the Margins: The Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society 1833–1840 86 5. Writing for Womanhood: African American Women and Print Culture 112 6. A Mental and Moral Feast: Reading, Writing, and Sentimentality in Black Philadelphia 136 Conclusion 164 Notes 167 Bibliography 191 Index 205 Chronicling the lives of African American women in the urban north of America (particularly Philadelphia) during the early years of the republic, 'A Fragile Freedom' investigates how they journeyed from enslavement to the precarious state of 'free persons' in the decades before the Civil War