A defense of rule : origins of political thought in Greece and India

"At its core, politics is all about relations of rule. Accordingly one of the central preoccupations of political theory is what it means for human beings to rule over one another or share in a process of ruling. While political theorists tend to regard rule as a necessary evil, this book aims to explain how rule need not be understood as anathema to political life. Rather, by looking at some of the earliest traditions of political thought we can rethink rule in ways that evoke stewardship rather than domination. Gray argues that hierarchical ideas about rule coevolved with political divisions between the human and non-human in western theory. The earliest discernible Greek thought advanced an instrumental relationship between humans and their environment, a position that has persisted into our current age. While this seems a defensible position, this book points out that such instrumental understandings of the nonhuman world have gotten us into serious trouble, including problems of deforestation, global warming, rising sea levels, species loss, and peak oil. To rethink the concept of rule, the book turns to early Indian political thought that suggests that rule is a relationship predicated on stewardship. The book compares these two traditions of thought in order to suggest that we have a normative duty to the environment, and thus to act in a way that takes the interests of non-human nature into account. Basing his argument on his own original translations of primary sources in ancient Greek and Sanskrit, the author shows when and how early concepts of rule evolved to justify divisions between the human and nonhuman. In doing so, he argues for a reconsideration of our duties toward the nonhuman natural world"-- Read more... Abstract: "At its core, politics is all about relations of rule. Accordingly one of the central preoccupations of political theory is what it means for human beings to rule over one another or share in a process of ruling. While political theorists tend to regard rule as a necessary evil, this book aims to explain how rule need not be understood as anathema to political life. Rather, by looking at some of the earliest traditions of political thought we can rethink rule in ways that evoke stewardship rather than domination. Gray argues that hierarchical ideas about rule coevolved with political divisions between the human and non-human in western theory. The earliest discernible Greek thought advanced an instrumental relationship between humans and their environment, a position that has persisted into our current age. While this seems a defensible position, this book points out that such instrumental understandings of the nonhuman world have gotten us into serious trouble, including problems of deforestation, global warming, rising sea levels, species loss, and peak oil. To rethink the concept of rule, the book turns to early Indian political thought that suggests that rule is a relationship predicated on stewardship. The book compares these two traditions of thought in order to suggest that we have a normative duty to the environment, and thus to act in a way that takes the interests of non-human nature into account. Basing his argument on his own original translations of primary sources in ancient Greek and Sanskrit, the author shows when and how early concepts of rule evolved to justify divisions between the human and nonhuman. In doing so, he argues for a reconsideration of our duties toward the nonhuman natural world" At Its Core, Politics Is All About Relations Of Rule. Accordingly One Of The Central Preoccupations Of Political Theory Is What It Means For Human Beings To Rule Over One Another Or Share In A Process Of Ruling. While Political Theorists Tend To Regard Rule As A Necessary Evil, This Book Aims To Explain How Rule Need Not Be Understood As Anathema To Political Life. Rather, By Looking At Some Of The Earliest Traditions Of Political Thought We Can Rethink Rule In Ways That Evoke Stewardship Rather Than Domination. Gray Argues That Hierarchical Ideas About Rule Coevolved With Political Divisions Between The Human And Non-human In Western Theory. The Earliest Discernible Greek Thought Advanced An Instrumental Relationship Between Humans And Their Environment, A Position That Has Persisted Into Our Current Age. While This Seems A Defensible Position, This Book Points Out That Such Instrumental Understandings Of The Nonhuman World Have Gotten Us Into Serious Trouble, Including Problems Of Deforestation, Global Warming, Rising Sea Levels, Species Loss, And Peak Oil. To Rethink The Concept Of Rule, The Book Turns To Early Indian Political Thought That Suggests That Rule Is A Relationship Predicated On Stewardship. The Book Compares These Two Traditions Of Thought In Order To Suggest That We Have A Normative Duty To The Environment, And Thus To Act In A Way That Takes The Interests Of Non-human Nature Into Account. Basing His Argument On His Own Original Translations Of Primary Sources In Ancient Greek And Sanskrit, The Author Shows When And How Early Concepts Of Rule Evolved To Justify Divisions Between The Human And Nonhuman. In Doing So, He Argues For A Reconsideration Of Our Duties Toward The Nonhuman Natural World-- Machine Generated Contents Note: -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction: Historical-comparative Political Theory -- Chapter 1: Homer: Ruling As Distinction -- Chapter 2: Hesiod: Critique, Poetic Justice, And The Increasing Anthropocentrism Of Greek Rule -- Chapter 3: Vedic Political Thought: Hierarchy, Connectedness, And Cosmology -- Chapter 4: Vedic Samhitas And Brahmanas: Ruling As Stewardship -- Chapter 5: Comparative Considerations On The Meaning Of Rule -- Conclusion: Panocracy As A New Vision Of Rule -- Notes -- References -- Index. Stuart Gray. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. At its core, politics is all about relations of rule. Accordingly one of the central preoccupations of political theory is what it means for human beings to rule over one another or share in a process of ruling. While political theorists tend to regard rule as a necessary evil, this book aims to explain how rule need not be understood as anathema to political life. Rather, by looking at some of the earliest traditions of political thought we can rethink rule in ways that evoke stewardship rather than domination. Stuart Gray argues that hierarchical ideas about rule coevolved with political divisions between the human and non-human in western theory. The earliest discernible Greek thought advanced an instrumental relationship between humans and their environment, a position that has persisted into our current age. While this seems a defensible position, Gray points out that such instrumental understandings of the nonhuman world have gotten us into serious trouble, including problems of deforestation, global warming, rising sea levels, species loss, and peak oil. To rethink the concept of rule, A Defense of Rule turns to early Indian political thought that suggests that rule is a relationship predicated on stewardship. The book compares these two traditions of thought in order to suggest that we have a normative duty to the environment, and thus to act in a way that takes the interests of non-human nature into account. Basing his argument on his own original translations of primary sources in ancient Greek and Sanskrit, Gray shows when and how early concepts of rule evolved to justify divisions between the human and nonhuman. In doing so, he argues for a reconsideration of our duties toward the nonhuman natural world. Cover 1 A Defense of Rule 4 Copyright 5 Contents 6 Preface 8 Acknowledgments 26 Introduction: Historical-​Comparative Political Theory 30 1. Homer: Ruling as Distinction 50 2. Hesiod: Critique, Poetic Justice, and the Increasing Anthropocentrism of Greek Rule 93 3. Vedic Political Thought: Hierarchy, Connectedness, and Cosmology 134 4. Vedic Saṃhitās and Brāhmaṇas: Ruling as Stewardship 164 5. Comparative Considerations on the Meaning of Rule 204 Conclusion: Panocracy as a New Vision of Rule 222 Notes 252 References 272 Index 286 Content: Cover A Defense of Rule Copyright Contents Preface Acknowledgments Introduction: Historical-​Comparative Political Theory 1. Homer: Ruling as Distinction 2. Hesiod: Critique, Poetic Justice, and the Increasing Anthropocentrism of Greek Rule 3. Vedic Political Thought: Hierarchy, Connectedness, and Cosmology 4. Vedic SaChitās and BrāhmaGas: Ruling as Stewardship 5. Comparative Considerations on the Meaning of Rule Conclusion: Panocracy as a New Vision of Rule Notes References Index While political theorists tend to regard rule as a necessary evil, this work aims to explain how rule need not be understood as anathema to political life. By looking at some of the earliest traditions of political thought, Stuart Gray establishes a new analytic approach to understanding fundamental political ideas of other cultures and time periods, and he uses this comparative analysis to re-envision the meaning of rule in contemporary political life