A Century of Arab Politics : From the Arab Revolt to the Arab Spring

From the “Great Arab Revolt” against Ottoman rule in World War I to the upheavals of the Arab Spring, this text analyzes a century of modern Arab history through the lens of three intertwined notions: the idea of a single Arab nation, the reality of multiple Arab states, and the competition between them over both concrete and symbolic interests. These concepts are presented against the background of Great Power involvement in the region, regional issues such as the Arab-Israeli conflict and the Iran-Iraq war, and the rise of political Islam. The evolution of regional Arab politics is examined from its infancy at the beginning of the 20th century to the profound challenges posed by the upheavals of the Arab Spring, and through the emergence of multiple Arab states organized under the League of Arab States, the pan-Arab heyday of Gamal Abdel Nasser between 1955 and 1967, and the subsequent consolidation of a multi-polar Arab state system. This history highlights the changing nature of modern Arab identity, the achievements and shortcomings of Arab state formation processes, and the influence of enduring communal, tribal, religious and ethnic identities on the modern Arab order. Altogether, these factors help explain contemporary Arab realities and why the Arab nationalist dream of achieving power and prosperity in line with an idealized image of the past, has proven elusive. This failure, in turn, has fueled both the recent upheavals and limited the prospects for successful outcomes. This broad and readable synthesis covers the political, economic, social, and cultural history of the Arab region. By reexamining what “being Arab” means today, politically and culturally, it will be a valuable text to students seeking to understand the modern Middle East. From The “great Arab Revolt” Against Ottoman Rule In World War I To The Upheavals Of The Arab Spring, This Text Analyzes A Century Of Modern Arab History Through The Lens Of Three Intertwined Notions: The Idea Of A Single Arab Nation, The Reality Of Multiple Arab States, And The Competition Between Them Over Both Concrete And Symbolic Interests. These Concepts Are Presented Against The Background Of Great Power Involvement In The Region, Regional Issues Such As The Arab-israeli Conflict And The Iran-iraq War, And The Rise Of Political Islam. The Emergence Of Arab Nationalism : One Nation, Many States -- Arab Nationalism: Modest Beginnings -- World War I And Its Aftermath: The Arab Revolt And Unrealized Expectations -- State-building And Nation-building In Adverse Circumstances -- The Dynastic Era : Upheaval, Revolution And Transition (1945-1954) -- The Radical Heyday (1955-1967) -- From Order To Disorder : The Triumph And Decline Of Arab States -- After The June 1967 Debacle : Picking Up The Pieces (1967-1970) -- Diminished Leadership : Egypt And The Arab Order In The Sadat-mubarak Era (1970-2010) -- Failed Aspirations, Failed State : Iraq Under Saddam, And Beyond (1968-2010) -- Syria Under The Asad Dynasty : From Weak State To Aspiring Regional Power (1970-2010) -- Symbol Versus Substance : The Palestinian Movement In The Arab Firmament Since 1967 -- The Arab Spring : Disorder And Disintegration -- Concluding Observations : Whither The Arab System? Whither The Arab State? Bruce Maddy-weitzman. Includes Bibliographical References (pages 241-259) And Index. Introduction xi. - I: THE EMERGENCE OF ARAB NATIONALISM: ONE NATION, MANY STATES I. - 1 Arab Nationalism: Modest Beginnings 3. - 2 World War I and Its Aftermath: The Arab Revolt and Unrealized Expectations 15. - 3 State-Building and Nation-Building in Adverse Circumstances 25. - 4 The Dynastic Era: Upheaval, Revolution, and Transition (1945-1954) 47. - 5 The Radical Heyday (1955-1967) 69. - II: FROM ORDER TO DISORDER: THE TRIUMPH AND DECLINE OF ARAB STATES 99. - 6 After the June 1967 Debacle: Picking Up the Pieces (1967-1970) 101. - 7 Diminished Leadership: Egypt and the Arab Order in the Sadat-Mubarak Era (1970-2010) 109. - 8 Failed Aspirations, Failed State: Iraq Under Saddam, and Beyond(1968-2010) 131. - 9 Syria Under the Asad Dynasty: From Weak State to Aspiring Regional Power (1970-2010) 153. - 10 Symbol versus Substance: The Palestinian Movement in the Arab Firmament Since 1967 169. - 11 The Arab Spring: Disorder and Disintegration 185. - Concluding Observations: Whither the Arab System? Whither the Arab State? 213 AcknowledgmentsIntroductionPart One: The Emergence of Arab Nationalism: One Nation, Many StatesChapter One: Arab Nationalism: Modest Beginnings. Chapter Two: World War I and its aftermath: The Arab Revolt and Unrealized ExpectationsChapter Three: State-Building and Nation-Building in Adverse CircumstancesChapter Four: The Dynastic Era - Upheaval, Revolution and Transition (1945-54)Chapter Five: The Radical Heyday (1955-67)Part Two: From Order to Disorder: The Triumph and Decline of Arab States Chapter Six: After the June 1967 Debacle: Picking Up the Pieces (1967-70)Chapter Seven: Diminished Leadership: Egypt and the Arab Order in the Sadat-Mubarak Era (1970-2010)Chapter Eight: Failed Aspirations, Failed State: Iraq Under Saddam, and Beyond (1968-2010)Chapter Nine: Syria Under the Asad Dynasty: From Weak State to Aspiring Regional Power (1970-2010)Chapter Ten: Symbol vs. Substance: The Palestinian Movement in the Arab Firmament Since 1967Chapter Eleven: The Arab Spring: Disorder and Disintegration Concluding Observations