5G and 6G Communication Technologies

This book covers different topics from 5G and 6G mobile technologies, including: telecommunication, antenna and bandwidth aspects of 5G, business solutions enabled by 5G technology, different application scenarios of 5G, and topics from the 6G technology. Section 1 focuses on telecommunication, antenna and bandwidth aspects of 5G, describing mobile communication through 5G technology, a review in the core technologies of 5G: device-to-device communication, multi-access edge computing and network function virtualization, design of a multiband patch antenna for 5G communication systems, wideband reconfigurable millimeter-wave linear array antenna using liquid crystal for 5G networks, and FBMC vs OFDM waveform contenders for 5G wireless communication system. Section 2 focuses on business solutions enabled by 5G technology, describing the roles of 5G mobile broadband in the development of IoT, big data, cloud and SDN, planning and profit sharing in overlay Wi-Fi and LTE systems toward 5G networks, construction of enterprise 5G business ecosystem - case study of Huawei, and 5G new radio prototype implementation based on SDR. Section 3 focuses on different application scenarios of 5G, describing the prospect of 5G technology applied to distance medical education and clinical practice, research on the innovation path of logistics formats based on 5G technology, limiting energy consumption by decreasing packets retransmissions in 5G network, effective packet number for 5G IM WeChat application at early stage traffic classification, and software defined network (SDN) and OpenFlow protocol in 5G network. Section 4 focuses on topics from the 6G technology, describing the shift to 6G communications: vision and requirements, a semi-dynamic bidirectional clustering algorithm for downlink cell-free massive distributed antenna system, resource allocation for SWIPT systems with nonlinear energy harvesting model, and a resource allocation scheme with delay optimization considering mmWave wireless networks. Cover 1 Title Page 5 Copyright 6 ABOUT THE EDITOR 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS 9 List of Contributors 15 List of Abbreviations 21 Preface 23 Section 1: Telecommunication, Antenna and Bandwidth aspects of 5G 25 Chapter 1 Mobile Communication Through 5G Technology (Challenges and Requirements) 27 Abstract 27 Introduction 28 Challenges in Migration from 4G to 5G 29 Key Terms of 5G Technology 30 5G Technology Requirements 31 5G Technology Features 31 Conclusion and Future Scopes 33 References 34 Chapter 2 A Review in the Core Technologies of 5G: Device-to-Device Communication, Multi-Access Edge Computing and Network Function Virtualization 35 Abstract 36 Introduction 36 Background 37 Device-to-Device Communication 39 MEC 45 Network Function Virtualization 54 Conclusions 64 References 65 Chapter 3 Design of a Multiband Patch Antenna for 5G Communication Systems 67 Abstract 67 Introduction 68 Antenna Design 69 Results and Analysis 71 Conclusions and Future Works 79 Acknowledgements 80 References 81 Chapter 4 Wideband Reconfigurable Millimeter-Wave Linear Array Antenna Using Liquid Crystal for 5G Networks 83 Abstract 83 Introduction 84 Research Method 86 Results and Analysis 89 Conclusion 96 References 97 Chapter 5 FBMC vs OFDM Waveform Contenders for 5G Wireless Communication System 101 Abstract 101 Introduction 102 Differences between OFDM and FBMC Multi Carrier Techniques 103 Transmultiplexer Configuration of Filter Bank Multi Carrier 105 Simulation Results 110 Conclusion 112 Acknowledgements 113 References 114 Section 2: Business Solutions Enabled by 5G Technology 115 Chapter 6 The Roles of 5G Mobile Broadband in the Development of IoT, Big Data, Cloud and SDN 117 Abstract 117 Introduction 118 The Roles of 5G, IoT, Big Data, Cloud, and SDN till 2020 120 Technical Relationships among IoT, Big Data, Cloud, & SDN in 5G Era 120 Ongoing Programs and Applications at National Chiao Tung University (NCTU) 123 Conclusion 133 Acknowledgements 133 References 134 Chapter 7 Planning and Profit Sharing in Overlay WiFi and LTE Systems toward 5G Networks 137 Abstract 137 Introduction 138 Overlay LTE/WiFi Network Model 140 Problem Formulation 142 WiFi Dimensioning Method 143 Profit Estimation 146 Simulation Results and performance Evaluation 151 Conclusions 156 References 157 Chapter 8 Construction of Enterprise 5G Business Ecosystem: Case Study of Huawei 159 Abstract 159 Introduction 160 Research Design 161 Case Introduction 163 Case Analysis 166 Discussion and Enlightenment 172 Research Conclusions and Theoretical Contributions 179 References 181 Chapter 9 5G New Radio Prototype Implementation Based on SDR 185 Abstract 185 Introduction 186 Related Work 189 5G System Architecture and Scenario 192 Experimental Results and Analysis 208 Conclusion 215 References 216 Section 3: 5G Applications in Different Scenarios 219 Chapter 10 The Roles of 5G Mobile Broadband in the Development of IoT, Big Data, Cloud and SDN 221 Abstract 221 Introduction 222 DME in Past 223 5G Communication 225 Prospect 226 NOTES 229 References 230 Chapter 11 Research on the Innovation Path of Logistics Formats Based on 5G Technology 233 Abstract 233 Introduction 234 Research Design 234 Analysis on the Innovation Path of China’s Logistics Format in the 5G Era 237 Conclusions 239 NOTES 240 References 241 Chapter 12 Limiting Energy Consumption by Decreasing Packets Retransmissions in 5G Network 243 Abstract 243 Introduction 244 Multipath TCP 245 OFN for 5G Network 251 OFN for Errors Prediction 256 Conclusions 261 References 262 Chapter 13 Effective Packet Number for 5G IM WeChat Application at Early Stage Traffic Classification 265 Abstract 265 Introduction 266 Related Work 267 Datasets 269 Study Framework 271 Methodology 273 Experimental Results And Analysis 280 Analysis And Discussion 300 Conclusion 301 References 302 Chapter 14 Software Defined Network (SDN) and OpenFlow Protocol in 5G Network 307 Abstract 307 Introduction 308 Software Defined Network (SDN) 309 The Handover 312 Software Defined Network (SDN) and OpenFlow for 5G 313 Results 318 Discussion 319 Conclusions 320 References 322 Section 4: 5G Applications in Different Scenarios 323 Chapter 15 The Shift to 6G Communications: Vision and RequireMents 325 Abstract 326 Introduction 326 6G System Architecture 331 Network Dimensions 338 Potential Technologies 342 6G application 347 Key performance indicators (KPIs) 349 Research Challenges and Directions 354 Conclusion 356 References 357 Chapter 16 A Semidynamic Bidirectional Clustering Algorithm for Downlink Cell-Free Massive Distributed Antenna System 367 Abstract 367 Introduction 368 System Model 370 Semidynamic Bidirectional Clustering Algorithm 373 Numerical Results 379 Conclusion 384 Acknowledgments 384 References 385 Chapter 17 Resource Allocation for SWIPT Systems with Nonlinear Energy Harvesting Model 387 Abstract 387 Introduction 388 System Model 390 Design of Resource Allocation Optimization Algorithm 392 Numerical Results 397 Conclusions 401 Acknowledgments 402 References 403 Chapter 18 A Resource Allocation Scheme with Delay Optimization Considering mmWave Wireless Networks 407 Abstract 407 Introduction 408 Transmission System Model 409 Resource Allocation With Delay Optimization 412 Simulations and Results 415 Conclusions 425 Acknowledgements 425 References 426 Index 429 Back Cover 438