50 Studies Every Obstetrician-Gynecologist Should Know (FIFTY STUDIES EVERY DOCTOR SHOULD SERIES)

50 Studies Every Obstetrician-Gynecologist Should Know presents key studies that have shaped the practice of obstetrics and gynecology. Selected using a rigorous methodology, the studies cover topics including hypertension in pregnancy, infectious diseases of pregnancy, family planning, urogynecology, and more. For each study, a concise summary is presented with an emphasis on the results and limitations of the study, and its implications for practice. An illustrative clinical case concludes each review, followed by brief information on other relevant studies. This book is a must-read for obstetrician-gynecologists, internists, family practitioners, nurse practitioners, and midwives, as well as anyone who wants to learn more about the data behind clinical practice. Cover 1 Series 3 50 Studies Every Obstetrician-Gynecologist Should Know 4 Copyright 5 Dedication 6 Contents 8 Preface from the Series Editor 14 Preface 16 Contributors 18 1. Magnesium Sulphate for Seizure Prophylaxis in Women With Preeclampsia: The MAGPIE Trial 28 2. Low-​Dose Aspirin for the Prevention and Treatment of Preeclampsia: The CLASP Trial 34 3. First Trimester Hemoglobin A1 and Risk for Major Malformation and Spontaneous Abortion 40 4. Effect of Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Pregnancy Outcomes: The ACHOIS Trial 47 5. Reduction of Maternal–​Infant Transmission of HIV Type 1 With Zidovudine Treatment 53 6. The Length of the Cervix and the Risk of Spontaneous Preterm Delivery 59 7. Intramuscular Progesterone for the Prevention of Recurrent Preterm Birth 65 8. Antibiotics for Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes 70 9. Fetal Fibronectin in Cervical and Vaginal Secretions as a Predictor of Preterm Delivery 75 10. Magnesium Sulfate for the Prevention of Cerebral Palsy: The BEAM Trial 81 11. Pelvic Scoring for Elective Induction: The Bishop Score 87 12. Management of Post-​Term Pregnancy: The Post-​Term Pregnancy Trial 91 13. Planned Cesarean Section Versus Planned Vaginal Birth for Breech Presentation at Term: The Term Breech Trial 96 14. Induction of Labor Versus Expectant Management for Prelabor Rupture of Membranes: The TERMPROM Study 101 15. Antepartum Glucocorticoid Treatment for Prevention of the Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Premature Infants 108 16. Outcomes Associated With Trial of Labor After Cesarean Delivery 113 17. Timing of Elective Repeat Cesarean Delivery at Term and Neonatal Outcomes 119 18. The Natural History of the Normal First Stage of Labor 124 19. Maternal Morbidity Associated With Multiple Repeat Cesarean Deliveries 130 20. First-​Trimester or Second-​Trimester Screening, or Both, for Down Syndrome: The FASTER Trial 135 21. Cell-​Free DNA Screening for Fetal Aneuploidy: The NEXT Trial 142 22. Antepartum Assessment of Fetal Well-​Being: The Biophysical Profile 148 23. Diagnostic Tests for Evaluation of Stillbirth 154 24. An Intervention to Promote Breastfeeding: The PROBIT Study 159 25. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Maternal Morbidity and Obstetric Care 165 26. The Risk of Pregnancy After Tubal Sterilization: Findings From the U.S. Collaborative Review of Sterilization the CREST Study 171 27. Complications of First-​Trimester Abortion: A Report of 170,000 Cases 176 28. Long-​Acting Reversible Contraception Versus Pills/​Patch/​Ring: The Contraceptive CHOICE Project 181 29. Long-​Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC) and Teen Pregnancy: The Contraceptive CHOICE Project 186 30. Effect of Screening Mammography on Breast Cancer Detection and Mortality 191 31. Human Papillomavirus Infection of the Cervix: Relative Risk Association of 15 Common Anogenital Types 197 32. Transvaginal Ultrasound for Endometrial Assessment of Postmenopausal Bleeding 202 33. The Accuracy of Endometrial Sampling in the Diagnosis of Patients With Endometrial Carcinoma and Hyperplasia: A Meta-​Analysis 207 34. Elective Bilateral Oophorectomy Versus Ovarian Conservation at the Time of Benign Hysterectomy 212 35. Native-​Tissue Anterior Colporrhaphy Versus Transvaginal Mesh for Anterior Pelvic Organ Prolapse 218 36. Preoperative Urodynamics Testing in Stress Urinary Incontinence: The VALUE Trial 224 37. A Midurethral Sling to Reduce Incontinence After Vaginal Repair: The OPUS Trial 229 38. Uterine-​Artery Embolization Versus Surgery for Symptomatic Uterine Fibroids 234 39. Robotic-​Assisted Versus Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Among Women With Benign Gynecologic Disease 239 40. Endometrial Ablation Versus Hysterectomy: The STOP-​DUB Trial 245 41. Pelvic Organ Function After Total Versus Subtotal Abdominal Hysterectomy 251 42. Prolonged GnRH Agonist and Add-​Back Therapy for Symptomatic Endometriosis 257 43. Laparoscopic Excision Versus Ablation for Endometriosis-​Associated Pain 262 44. Clomiphene, Metformin, or Both for Infertility With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: The PPCOS Trial 267 45. A Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate Optimal Treatment for Unexplained Infertility: The FASTT Trial 273 46. Reproductive Technologies and the Risk of Birth Defects 278 47. Biomarkers of Ovarian Reserve and Infertility Among Older Reproductive Age Women 284 48. Risks and Benefits of Estrogen Plus Progestin in Healthy Postmenopausal Women: The Women’s Health Initiative 289 49. Predictors of Success of Methotrexate Treatment for Tubal Ectopic Pregnancies 294 50. Application of Redefined Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Curves for the Diagnosis of Women at Risk for Ectopic Pregnancy 299 Index 306 "This volume constitutes a selection of 50 studies that changed the modern practice of obstetrics and gynecology. Studies were reviewed and summarized by national experts in the field, and have been compiled in a simple, readable fashion that distills these works into the most salient points, placing them within the context of practice. We intend this volume to be used by general practitioners as well as clinicians and academicians who have an interest in the state of evidence in obstetrics and gynecology"-- Provided by publisher This volume constitutes a selection of 50 studies that changed the modern practice of obstetrics and gynecology. Studies were reviewed and summarized by national experts in the field and have been compiled in a simple, readable fashion that distills these works into the most salient points, placing them within the context of practice. This volume can be used by general practitioners as well as clinicians and academicians who have an interest in the state of evidence in obstetrics and gynecology.--Provided by publisher