13th Congress of the International Society for Forensic Haemogenetics (Internationale Gesellschaft für forensische Hämogenetik e.V.) New Orleans, October 19-21, 1989

The third volume of "Advances in Forensic Haemogenetics" contains the th scientific contributions presented at the 13 Congress of the International Society for Forensic Haemogenetics, held on October 19-21, 1989 in New Orleans, USA. The conference was organized and chaired by Dr. Herbert Polesky from Minneapolis. He and the local organizing committee which consisted of our friends and colleagues (J. Soubrada, L.R.Bryant, Dale D.Dykes, Ch.Harrison, P.Newall and R. Walker) deserve the thanks of our Society for a very successful meeting. Herb Polesky has also contributed a great deal to the preparation of this book. The contributions to the conference covered all fields of forensic haemo­ genetics, but an outstanding highlight of this conference was the application ofDNA-polymorphisms to paternity and to the identification of stains. This included basic lectures on biostatistical approaches as well as on molecular biology and many new technical approaches to our general and special aims. Forensic haemogenetics has now merged into a new discipline without having lost its original identity. On behalf of the Executive Committee of our Society I would like to extend my thanks to the authors of the articles contained in this book and to Springer-Verlag for having made such a quick publication possible. The volume should give the reader a picture of the state of the art and a survey of the most recent developments in the field of forensic and general haemo­ genetics. Front Matter....Pages I-XVIII Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Measurement Error in Determination of Band Size for Highly Polymorphic Single-Locus DNA Markers....Pages 3-11 Use of a Spreadsheet Template and Microcomputer to Calculate Gene Frequencies of Multi-allele Systems....Pages 12-13 Likelihood Calculations in Paternity Testing on the Basis of DNA-Fingerprints....Pages 14-16 Biostatistical approaches using minisatellite DNA patterns in paternity cases (mother-child-putative-father trios)....Pages 17-19 Kinship plausibilities from DNA fingerprints....Pages 20-22 Rapid Preparation of DNA for RFLP Analysis and DNA Fingerprinting....Pages 23-25 A Simple and Efficient Non-Organic Procedure for the Extraction of DNA From Evidentiary Samples....Pages 26-28 DNA Extraction from small samples using a microextraction method with low gelling temperature (LGT) agarose....Pages 29-33 VNTR Polymorphism: Reproducibility in techniques and interpretation....Pages 34-36 A Non-Isotopic DNA Detection System With the Sensitivity of 32 P: Applications For Paternity and Forensic Identifications....Pages 37-39 Rapid, Simple, Non-isotopic Probing of Southern Blots for DNA Fingerprinting....Pages 40-42 Simultaneous DNA Probing of Paternity Cases Using Non-isotopic Methods....Pages 43-47 Comparison of Chemiluminescent and Radioactive Methods of DNA Typing....Pages 48-50 On the effectiveness of three DNA probes in hybridization experiments over HINF I blots containing aged/degraded samples....Pages 51-53 Accuracy, Precision, and Site-to-Site Reproducibility in Analysis Of DNA Polymorphisms for Identity Testing....Pages 54-56 Elements of a Quality Assurance (QA)/Quality Control (QC) Program for DNA Testing....Pages 57-59 Investigation of Aged Blood Samples by Means of Single-Locus DNA Probes....Pages 60-62 Problems Associated with the Determination of Band Match Probabilities....Pages 63-67 Allele frequencies distribution of two VNTR markers (YNH24; YNZ22) in PST I digests from random Italian individuals (population of Rome)....Pages 68-70 Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis of DNA polymorphic loci that exhibit a continuous distribution of fragment sizes....Pages 71-74 Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Segregation of Single-Locus DNA-Fragments in a Large Family....Pages 75-76 Comparison of HLA Antigens and DNA Polymorphisms in Parentage Testing....Pages 77-79 A Comparative Paternity Study: DNA vs Traditional Testing....Pages 80-82 Compatibility of Several HVR-Type Probes with Pvu II Restriction Endonuclease and Advantages of Pvu II Over Other Commonly Used Enzymes....Pages 83-87 Analysis of Case Work Samples by Single Locus VNTR Polymorphisms....Pages 88-91 Routine Use of a Single Locus DNA Probe....Pages 92-94 Results on Selected Trios Tested with Two Single Locus DNA Probes....Pages 95-97 Paternity testing using the hypervariable 3’ HVR DNA probe....Pages 98-100 Analysis of Disputed Paternities Using Hae III/YNH24 and Hinf I/MS31 RFLPs....Pages 101-105 Investigation of the use of DNA Probes L336 and YNH24 in Problems of Doubtful Parentage....Pages 106-108 Clarification of a Two-Man Case Only by DNA Markers....Pages 109-111 Characterization of DNA Probe pH30 (D4S139) and Preparation of Related Synthetic Oligonucleotides....Pages 112-113 Casework experiences with DNA profiling....Pages 114-116 Exclusion of an individual charged with rape by allele-specific DNA profiling on fetal tissues....Pages 117-118 Rapid Sex Determination Using Restriction Enzymes Digestion....Pages 119-121 DNA fingerprinting with simple repetitive oligonucleotide probes in forensic medicine....Pages 122-124 Application of simple repeat oligonucleotides for DNA fingerprinting....Pages 125-127 DNA Fingerprinting with M13 Probe....Pages 128-129 Minisatellite DNA Probe MZ 1.3: Application in Paternity Testing and Estimate of the Number of Genetic Loci....Pages 130-132 Non-isotopic DNA fingerprint analyses with the minisatellite probe MZ1.3....Pages 133-135 Front Matter....Pages 1-1 DNA Fingerprinting in Paternity Analyses....Pages 136-139 A Review of the Cases Submitted for DNA Analysis in the FBI Laboratory....Pages 140-142 A Method for the Analysis of PCR Amplification Products to Identify Base-Pair Substitution and VNTR Polymorphisms....Pages 143-147 Analysis of PCR Products (pMCT118) by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis....Pages 148-150 Effects of UV Damage on DNA Amplification by the Polymerase Chain Reaction....Pages 151-153 Typing by polymerase chain reaction mediated amplification of DNA fragments in the HLA class I region and direct DNA sequencing....Pages 154-157 Use of the Polymerase Chain Reaction for Typing Gc Variants....Pages 158-161 Amplification of Y Chromosome-Specific Sequences in Biological Evidence....Pages 162-163 Front Matter....Pages 165-165 Differential Detection of A, B and H Antigens in Semen and Saliva Stains Detected by an Elisa Technique....Pages 167-170 A Modified ELISA for the Detection of ABH Antigens in Bloodstains....Pages 171-173 Mosaic Phenomenon of ABH and Lewis Antigen Expression in Minor Salivary Glands — an Immunohistochemical Demonstration of the Transferase Activity....Pages 174-176 Different Expression of Blood Group A Antigen in the Secretory Cells of Salivary Glands from German and Japanese Nonsecretor Individuals....Pages 177-179 Different Epitopes of ABH Antigens Exist in Red Cell and Body Fluid....Pages 180-181 Production of Monoclonal Antibody to ABH-Carrying α2-Seminoglycoprotein for ABO-Grouping of Semen by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)....Pages 182-184 Isolation and Identification of ABO Blood Group of Seminal Stains Mixed with Vaginal Secretion or Blood....Pages 185-186 Histochemical Analysis of the Chemical Structure of Blood-group-related Carbohydrate Chains in Human Pancreas....Pages 187-189 Enzyme Immuno Assay for the Typing of the Gm(A) and Gm(F) Allotypes of Human IgG1 in Semen, Vaginal Secretions and Other Body Fluids....Pages 190-193 Production of Monoclonal Antibodies Against IgG Allotypes and Their Use in Dot Immunobinding....Pages 194-196 Allotyping By Immunoblot Using Polyclonal Antisera....Pages 197-199 Whose Heritage in the Giant Stone Culture in Easter Island?....Pages 200-202 Front Matter....Pages 165-165 The Generation of Class II Polymorphism by Recombination....Pages 203-206 Polymorphism of HLA-DRB3 and DRB4 Genes Detected by RFLPs....Pages 207-210 Human Red Cell Acid Phosphatase (ACP1): The Primary Structure of the two Isozymes Bf and Bs Encoded by the ACP1*B allele....Pages 211-213 Further Evidence for a Silent Allele and a Rare Variant in the ADA System....Pages 214-217 Intragenic recombination within the PGM 1 locus....Pages 218-221 Practical Value of PGM 1 Subtyping in Blood- and Semen Stains and Hair Roots....Pages 222-224 Additional Data on PGP ( EC 3.1.3.18) Polymorphism in Düsseldorf....Pages 225-227 Biochemical and population genetics of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase in NW Portugal....Pages 228-231 Group Specific Component Phenotyping by Ultrathin-layer Agarose Isoelectric Focusing Using Chemical Spacers....Pages 232-235 Haptoglobin Subtypes in the Swiss Population: Phenotype and Gene Frequencies - Description of an Easy Method for Routine Typing....Pages 236-238 Haptoglobin Subtyping by Agarose Isoelectric Focusing....Pages 239-242 Haptoglobin Subtype Determination of Bloodstains....Pages 243-245 The Application of Agarose Isoelectric Focusing in Paternity Testing....Pages 246-250 Fast IEF of some polymorphic proteins and enzymes in bloodstains using the PhastSystem....Pages 251-254 Isoelectric Focusing in Miniaturized Gels: Application to GC, PI, Tf and ORM Subtyping in Central Spain....Pages 255-259 The Use of Hybrid Isoelectric Focusing for the Detection of Polymorphic Proteins and Enzymes in Bloodstains Analysis....Pages 260-262 Distribution of Twelve Human Salivary Polymorphisms in Japanese Population....Pages 263-264 Inheritance of Some Electrophoretic Phenotypes of Human Hair....Pages 265-265 Hp, GLO and Gc Polymorphisms in the Balearic Islands (Spain): The Mediterranean Blueprint....Pages 266-270 A Simple Dilution Technique for Assessing Red Cell Enzyme Activity in Cases of Single System Incompatibilities....Pages 271-273 Front Matter....Pages 165-165 A Rapid High Resolution Seperator IEF Technique for Phenotyping Alpha-1 Antitrypsin....Pages 274-276 PI M Subtyping: Indication for an Alpha 1 -Antitrypsin Null Allele in three Paternity Cases....Pages 277-280 Transferrin C subtypes in different ethnic groups and spontaneous abortion....Pages 281-285 Polymorphism of Plasminogen in West Germany....Pages 286-287 The Significance of Current and of Origin and Concentration of Sialidases for the Determination of Plasminogen Groups....Pages 288-290 Coagulation Factor XIIIA and XIIIB polymorphisms in the North of Germany (Mecklenburg area)....Pages 291-293 Polymorphisms of Coagulation Factors 13A and 13B in West Germany....Pages 294-295 Identification of F13A*7 as a Population Specific Marker....Pages 296-299 Factor XIIIB (FXIIIB) in Disputed Paternity Complete Analysis of a Family with the Rare Phenotypes 4-1 and 4-2....Pages 300-301 Study of Genetic Polymorphism of Coagulation Factor XIII B in a Italian Population Sample using PAGIEF and Semi-dry Electroblotting....Pages 302-304 Isoelectric focusing of Orosomucoid in agarose gels....Pages 305-307 ORMl Subtypes in Hanover and Lower Saxony, FRG, by PAG SIEF and Immunoblotting (N=1934); 11 Variants....Pages 308-312 A Silent Allele in the Orosomucoid (ORM) System....Pages 313-315 Genetic polymorphism of human peptidase C (PEPC)....Pages 316-319 Kallikrein Phenotyping by Isoelectric Focusing....Pages 320-324 Front Matter....Pages 325-325 The Probability of Paternity....Pages 327-333 Seroanalysis and Expert Opinion in Practice....Pages 334-336 The Effect of Blanks and Antigen Sharing in the HLA System on the Paternity Index....Pages 337-339 Paternity probability calculation in “exclusion” cases....Pages 340-343 Front Matter....Pages 345-345 A Remarkable Case of Affiliation: Exclusion from Paternity after 8 Years....Pages 347-349 Front Matter....Pages 345-345 Legal Aspects of Disputed Paternities in Singapore....Pages 350-351 Evaluation of unusual band patterns in stains of biological interest....Pages 352-354 Characterisation of Vaginal Secretion Stains in Forensic Cases — A Critical Review....Pages 355-357 Monoclonal Antibodies Detect Sperm Antigens in Seminal Stains....Pages 358-360 GDA-J/F3 Monoclonal Antibody: The Ideal Probe for Sperm Detection in Forensic Science....Pages 361-363 Preparation and Application of Monoclonal Anti-P30 Antibody....Pages 364-365 Chromosome polymorphisms in paternity investigations....Pages 366-368 Plasma Protein Polymorphism in HIV-Seropositive Patients: Gc- and Tf*c-Subtypes and Pi-System....Pages 369-372 Distribution of C3 and BF Phenotypes in HIV-seropositive Patients....Pages 373-376 Plasma Protein Polymorphism in HIV-Seropositive Patients: Allotype Frequencies in the Gm- and Km-System....Pages 377-378