12th Asian-Pacific Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering: Proceedings of APCMBE 2023, May 18–21, 2023, Suzhou, China―Volume 1: Biomedical ... Engineering (IFMBE Proceedings, 103)

This book presents cutting-edge research and developments in the field of medical and biological engineering, which a special emphasis on activities carried out in the Asian-Pacific region. Gathering the proceedings of the 12th Asian-Pacific Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering (APCMBE 2023), held on May 18–21, 2023, in Suzhou, China, this first volume of a two-volume set focuses on biomedical imaging and signal processing, biomedical sensing and wearables, and rehabilitation and neural engineering. All in all, this book offers extensive information on the state-of-the-art solutions and challenges in biomedical and clinical engineering, addressing a broad audience of medical scientists, engineers, physicists and other researchers and professionals. Preface APCMBE 2023 Committees Contents Biomedical Signal Processing A Risk Probability Prediction Model for Sudden Cardiac Death Based on Heart Rate Variability Metrics 1 Introduction 2 Material and Method 3 Result and Discussion 4 Conclusion References A Faster Single-Channel SSVEP-Based Speller Using Peak Filter Extended Canonical Correlation Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Method and Data Acquisition 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Respiratory Function Monitor Based on Surface Diaphragm Electromyography 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Materials 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Aortic Pressure Waveform Estimation Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and Gated Recurrent Unit 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Research on Intelligent Calibration Test Fault Diagnosis Model of Automatic Chemiluminescence Immunoassay Analyzer 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Evaluation of Cerebral Autoregulation Function Based on TCD Signal 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Data and Preprocess 3 Methods 4 Results 5 Discussions 6 Conclusions References Effect of Promoter G-quadruplex on Gene Expression and Its Interaction with Transcription Factor 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 G-quadruplexes of the Human Genome 2.2 Integrative Analysis of G-quadruplex, Gene Expression and Transcription Factor Binding Site 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Distribution of G-quadruplexes Throughout the Human Genome 3.2 Effect of Promoter G-quadruplexes on Gene Expression 3.3 Interaction of G-quadruplex and TFBS in Gene Promoter 4 Conclusion References Dielectric Properties for Identification of Gliomas and Normal Brain Tissues with Open-Ended Coaxial Probe 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Model Building 2.2 Probe Setting 2.3 OCP Reconstruction Algorithm 2.4 Data Analysis 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Research on GMI Probe Performance in Biomagnetic Field Range in Unshielded Environments 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Analysis of the GMI Effect 3 GMI Probe Test 3.1 GMI Probe 3.2 Probe Experiments 3.3 Results 4 Conclusions and Discussions 4.1 Noise 4.2 Sensitivity References A Single-Channel EEG Automatic Artifact Rejection Framework Based on Hybrid Approach 1 Introduction 2 Method 2.1 CEEMDAN-CCA 2.2 SSA-SOBI with Fuzzy Entropy 2.3 The Detection and Denoise Framework 2.4 Data and Evaluation 3 Results 3.1 Detection Block 3.2 Denoise Block 4 Conclusions References AGCN: Adaptive Graph Convolution Network with Hemibrain Differences of Resting-State EEG for Identifying Autism in Children 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Data Collection and Preprocessing 2.2 Model Input 2.3 Feature Extraction 3 Result 3.1 Performance Evaluation 3.2 Compared With the State-of-the-Art Methods 3.3 Visualization 3.4 Discussion 4 Conclusion References Recognition of VR Motion Sickness Level Based on EEG and Functional Brain Network 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 VRMS Stimulation and Experimental Protocol 2.2 Subjects and EEG Data 2.3 Feature Extraction 2.4 Feature Selection and Classification 3 Reulsts 3.1 Frequency Decomposition 3.2 FBN Features 3.3 Feature Selection and Classification 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Biomedical Imaging and Image Processing SRSA-Net: Separable ResUnit and Self-attention Optimized Network for Simultaneous Nuclei Segmentation and Classification in Histology Images 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Encoder 2.2 Decoder 2.3 Loss Function 2.4 Post Processing 3 Experiments 3.1 Dataset & Evaluation Criteria 3.2 Ablation Experiment 3.3 Comparison Experiment 4 Conclusion References Developmental Pattern of Individual Morphometric Similarity Network in the Human Fetal Brain 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Participants and Data Acquisition 2.2 Image Reconstruction and Preprocessing 2.3 Morphometric Similarity Matrix (MSM) 2.4 Network Analysis 2.5 Validation Analysis 3 Results 3.1 Development of Edges and Nodes in MSM 3.2 Development of Network Properties 4 Discussion 4.1 Developmental Trajectories of Morphometric Similarity 4.2 Small-World Structure of Fetal Brain 5 Conclusion References Automatic Segmentation of Liver Tumor from Multi-phase Contrast-Enhanced CT Images Using Cross-Phase Fusion Transformer 1 Introduction 2 Method 2.1 Encoder 2.2 Cross-Phase Feature Aggregator 2.3 Decoder 3 Experiment and Discussion 3.1 Dataset 3.2 Preprocessing 3.3 Experiment Configuration 3.4 Evaluation Metrics 3.5 Comparison Study 3.6 Ablation Study 3.7 Discussion 4 Conclusions References Site Effects in Multisite Fetal Brain MRI: A Morphological Study of Early Brain Development 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Data Acquisition 2.2 Preprocessing 2.3 Statistical Analysis 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References A Low-Power Variable Gain Amplifier Design with 70-DB Gain Range and 1.28-DB Gain Error for Ultrasound Imaging System 1 Introduction 2 Circuit Design and Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Group Information Guided Smooth Independent Component Analysis Method for Brain Functional Network Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 GIG-ICA Method 2.2 GIG-slCA Method 2.3 Validation and Evaluation Experiments 3 Results 3.1 Results of the Simulated Data 3.2 Results of the Real Data 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References An Attention Guided Multi-scale Network with Channel-Enhanced Transformer for Coronary Arteries Segmentation 1 Introduction 2 Method 3 Experiments and Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References A Specularity Suppression Algorithm for Endoscope Image Conforming to Weber-Fechner Law 1 Introduction 2 Proposed Algorithm 3 Experiment 3.1 PSNR and SSIM 3.2 Visual Comparison Experiment 4 Conclusion References Semantic Segmentation of Medical Images Based on Knowledge Distillation Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Deeplabv3+ 2.2 SFNet 2.3 Knowledge Distillation 3 Result 3.1 Evaluation Metrics 3.2 Establishing Dataset 3.3 Analysis 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Combined Evaluation of T1 and Diffusion MRI Improves the Noninvasive Prediction of H3K27M Mutation in Brainstem Gliomas 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Patient Enrollment 2.2 Radiomics Feature Extraction 2.3 Connectomics Feature Extraction 2.4 Machine Learning-Based H3K27M Mutation Prediction 2.5 Radiomics and Connectomics Signatures Construction 3 Results 3.1 Feature Extraction and Feature Selection 3.2 Machine Learning-Based Model Prediction Performance 3.3 Diagnostic Validation of Simplified Models 4 Discussion and Conclusion References Liver Segmentation with MT-UNet++ 1 Introduction 2 Method 2.1 Dataset 2.2 Data Augmentation 2.3 Architecture 2.4 Loss Function 3 Result 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Background Interference Removal Algorithm for PIV Preprocessing Based on Improved Local Otsu Thresholding 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Preprocessing in PIV 2.2 Cross Correlation Operation 2.3 Algorithm 2.4 Results and Discussion 3 Conclusions References Development of the Fetal Brain Structural Connectivity Based on In-Utero Diffusion MRI 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References A Unified CNN-ViT Network with a Feature Distribution Strategy for Multi-modal Missing MRI Sequences Imputation 1 Introduction 2 Material and Methods 2.1 Overview 2.2 Proposed Method 2.3 Loss Functions 2.4 Datasets 2.5 Competing Methods and Evaluation Metrics 3 Results 3.1 Missing Contrast Imputation 3.2 Ablation Study 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Light-Sheet Laser Speckle Imaging for 3D Vascular Visualization 1 Introduction 2 Material and Method 2.1 Setup 2.2 Method 2.3 Sample Preparation 3 Result 3.1 Characteristics of Slanted Light-Sheet Laser Speckle System 3.2 Vascular Morphology in Different Layers 3.3 Comparison of LSH-LSI and PIV 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References A Framework for Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Participants 2.2 Data Acquisition and Preprocessing 2.3 Deep Learning Framework 3 Results 3.1 Classification Accuracies of the Deep Learning Framework 3.2 The Comparison of Framework-Based and Non-framework Based Deep Learning Architecture 3.3 Single Channel Classification 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Neural Engineering Effect of Age-Related Hearing Loss on Mice Cochlear Structures Based on Optical Coherence Tomography 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 OCT System Description 2.2 Animals 2.3 Surgery Preparation 2.4 Image Analysis 2.5 Hearing Threshold 2.6 Statistical Analysis 3 Results 3.1 Hearing Threshold 3.2 Cochlear Structure 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References An Improved Canonical Correlation Analysis for EEG Inter-Band Correlation Extraction 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Materials 2.1 Datasets and Preprocessing 2.2 Differential Entropy 2.3 Inter-Band Correlation Features Based on CCA 2.4 Decision-Level Fusion 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 Validity of IBC Features 3.2 Classification Results 4 Conclusions References Gender Modulates Visual Attention to Emotional Faces: An Eye-Tracking Study 1 Introduction 2 Method 2.1 Participants 2.2 Stimuli and Experimental Paradigm 2.3 Procedure 2.4 Data Analysis 3 Results 3.1 Behavioral Results 3.2 Preference Index Results 3.3 Pupil Diameter Variation Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References EEG Studies of the Effects of Music Training on Rhythm, Music Phrases and Syntax Perception 1 Introduction 2 Effects of Music Training on Music Perception 2.1 Perception of Rhythm 2.2 Perception of Music Phrase and Syntax 3 Summary References Virtual Reality Game-Based Adaptive Neurofeedback Training for Motor Imagery 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Participants 2.2 Procedure of Experiment 2.3 EEG Signals Analysis 2.4 Feature Extraction and Pattern Classification 3 Results 3.1 EEG Patterns of Motor Imagery 3.2 Classification Performance 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Effects of Sequence Order on Motor Imagery Based on Observing and Delayed Matching Task 1 Introduction 2 Material and Method 2.1 Experimental Paradigm 2.2 Data Collection and Preprocessing 3 Result 3.1 EEG Results Analysis 3.2 Classification Accuracy of the MI-BCI 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Hand Movement Recognition Using Dynamical Graph Convolutional Neural Network in EEG Source Space 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Experimental Protocol and Data Acquisition 2.2 sDGCNN Algorithm 2.3 Setting of Experiments 3 Results 3.1 Decoding Effects of Different Features 3.2 Decoding Effect of Algorithms Under Different Frequency Bands 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Rehabilitation Engineering Sensorimotor Cortical Activities Induced by NMES During INB 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Subjects 2.2 Experimental Setup 2.3 Experimental Protocol 3 Data Analysis 3.1 Statistical Analysis 4 Results 4.1 Evaluation of the Model of Acute Hand Loss 4.2 Effect of INB on Beta ERD Values In Contralateral Sensorimotor Cortex Induced By NMES 5 Discussion 6 Conclusions References Optimal Design of Rocker-Profile Footwear: How Does Forefoot Rocker Radius Affect Walking Economy in Healthy Individuals? 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Rocker-Profile Footwear Design 2.2 Subjects and Data Acquisition 2.3 Experimental Procedures 2.4 Data Analysis 3 Results 4 Disscussion 5 Conclusions References Effects of Visual-Vestibular Conflicts Caused by Visual Input on Out-of-Body Experience Induced by Visual-Tactile Stimulation in Virtual Reality 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Participants 2.2 Procedure 2.3 Measurements and Data Analysis 3 Results 3.1 Self-reports of SOO 3.2 Self-location 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References A Convolutional Neural Network with Narrow Kernel and Dual-View Feature Fusion for sEMG-Based Gesture Recognition 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Data and Pre-processing 2.2 Methodology 2.3 Experiment 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Tongue Visualization Model for Mandarin Pronunciation Based on MRI 1 Introduction 2 Data 2.1 Corpus and Speaker 2.2 Image Acquisition and Tongue Mesh 3 Method 3.1 Modeling Principle 3.2 Control Parameters and Motion Simulation 4 Results 4.1 Simulation Results of All Articulations 4.2 Simulation Results of Vowels and Consonants 5 Discussion References A Convolutional Neural Network Based Classification Method for Mild to Moderate Parkinson’s Disease at Turns 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Participants and Experiment Protocol 2.2 Data Extraction 2.3 Convolutional Neural Network Model 3 Results 4 Conclusions References Biomedical Sensing and Wearable Systems Microfluidic Chip-Based Analysis on the Biological Characterization of Medical Magnesium Alloy 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Methods 2.1 Methods and Materials 2.2 Effects of Magnesium Alloy on Cell Growth 2.3 Fabrication of the Microfluidic Chip 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Wireless EEG-fNIRS Fusion Signal Acquisition System for Depth of Anesthesia Monitoring 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Hardware Structure and Process 2.2 Software Structure 3 Design 3.1 Design of the EEG Acquisition Module 3.2 Design of the fNIRS Acquisition Module 3.3 Design of the Software 4 Results 4.1 System Prototypes 4.2 Testing the Prototypes 4.3 Combined Tests 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion References The Love Wave Immunosensor for Detecting the Pneumonia Biomarker Procalcitonin (PCT) 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Materials 2.2 Love-Saw Sensor 2.3 8-Channels Automated Detection System 2.4 Experiment Setup 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Optimization of Labeling Antibody Concentraton 3.2 Detection of PCT 3.3 Discussion 4 Conclusions References Active Sensor for Multidimensional Force Detection 1 Introduction 2 Results and Discussion 3 Conclusions References Quantitative Hematocrit Measurement on a Pressure-Actuated Microfluidic Chip 1 Introduction 2 Experiment 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References A Novel Glutamate Three-Electrode System Based on Microelectrode Sensing Technology 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Preparation of CFME 2.2 Preparation of CFME/Pt-PTAA-GLOD 2.3 Preparation of Ag/AgCl Reference Microelectrode 2.4 Preparation of Pt Microelectrode 3 Results 3.1 Electrode Performance of Self-made Ag/AgCl Reference Microelectrode and Pt Microelectrode 3.2 CFME/Pt-PTAA-GLOD Electrode Optimization 3.3 CFME/Pt-PTAA-GLOD Electrode Performance 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Fast Sample Entropy Atrial Fibrillation Analysis Towards Wearable Device 1 Introduction 2 Method 2.1 Algorithm Description 2.2 Dataset 2.3 Experiment Setup 3 Result 3.1 Measured Entropy Value Compared with SampEn 3.2 Description Ability for AF 3.3 Speedup Comparison on Wearable Processors 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References A Novel Electrophoresis Devices Combined with Immunosensor for the Rapid Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Design of the Novel Electrophoresis Device 2.2 Preparation of an Electric-Field-Enhanced Immunosensor 3 Results 3.1 Electrochemical Characterization of the Electric-Field-Enhanced Immunosensor Construction 3.2 Analysis of Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) Measurement 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Design of a Soft Exoskeleton with Motion Perception Network for Hand Function Rehabilitation 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Mechanical Structures 2.2 Working Principles of Control System 3 Results 4 Conclusions References In Silico Investigation of the Effect of Atrial Fibrosis on High-Frequency Electrocardiogram 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Two-Dimensional Atrial Tissue Model 2.2 Simulation of Atrial Fibrosis 2.3 Simulation of Ion Channel Remodeling 2.4 Simulation of High-Frequency ECG 3 Retsults 4 Conclusion References GCN-ResNet: A Multi-label Classifier for ECG Arrhythmia 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Multi-label Classification Task 2.2 Electrocardiogram Classification Task 3 Methods 3.1 Model Structure 3.2 Adjacency Matrix 3.3 Optimization Strategy of Loss Function 4 Implementation 4.1 Dataset 4.2 Data Preprocessing 4.3 Label Word Vector Embedding 5 Results 5.1 Loss Function Optimization 5.2 Comparison with Previous Studies 6 Conclusions References Automatic Analyzer for Urinary Stone Detection in Urine 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Detection Principle 2.2 Hardware 2.3 Software 2.4 Operating Principle 3 Analysis of Results 3.1 Pre-processing Performance 3.2 Detection Performance 3.3 Detection of Real Samples 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References A U-Sleep Model for Sleep Staging Using Electrocardiography and Respiration Signals 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Dataset 2.2 Pre-processing 2.3 The U-Sleep Model 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Evaluation Metrics 3.2 Subject-independent Experiment 3.3 Performance 4 Conclusions References Author Index