02 (1998) Harry Potter en de Geheime Kamer (The Chamber of Secrets)

The Cold War between the former Soviet Union and the United States indelibly shaped the world we live in today--especially international politics, economics, and military affairs. This volume shows how the globalization of the Cold War during the 20th century created the foundations for most of today's key international conflicts, including the "war on terror." Odd Arne Westad examines the origins and course of Third World revolutions and the ideologies that drove the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. towards interventionism. He focuses on how these interventions gave rise to resentments and resistance that, in the end, helped to topple one and to seriously challenge the other superpower. In addition, he demonstrates how these worldwide interventions determined the international and domestic framework within which political, social and cultural changes took place in such countries as China, Indonesia, Iran, Ethiopia, Angola, Cuba, and Nicaragua. According to Westad, these changes, plus the ideologies, movements and states that interventionism stirred up, constitute the real legacy of the Cold War. Odd Arne Westad is Professor of International History at the London School of Economics and Political Science. In 2004 he was named head of department and co-director of the new LSE Cold War Studies Centre. Professor Westad is the author, or editor, of ten books on contemporary international history including Decisive Encounters: The Chinese Civil War, 1946-1950 (2003) and, with Jussi Hanhimaki, The Cold War: A History in Documents and Eyewitness Accounts (2003). In addition, he is a founding editor of the journal Cold War History. Cover 1 Front Matter 3 Title 5 Copyrights 6 Contents 9 List of illustrations 10 List of maps 11 Acknowledgments 12 Abbreviations 14 Introduction 17 The empire of liberty: American ideology and foreign interventions 24 ‘‘In every contest’’ 25 ‘‘Foreigners’’ and anti-Communism 32 Beyond Europe 37 ‘‘The world as a market’’ 43 Modernization, technology, and American globalism 48 The empire of justice: Soviet ideology and foreign interventions 55 The Russian empire and its revolutions 57 The Comintern and the Third World 65 Defining intervention: Iran, China, Korea 73 The Soviet rediscovery of the Third World (1955-60) 82 The revolutionaries: anticolonial politics and transformations 89 Colonialism and its effects 90 The anticolonial revolutions 95 Creating new states 102 Bandung and the Nonaligned Movement 113 Creating the Third World: the United States confronts revolution 126 The United States and the first postcolonial crises 127 Iran, Suez, and the new American role 135 The United States and African decolonization 147 Latin America: Sandino to Castro 159 The Third World and the Cold War economic system 168 The Cuban and Vietnamese challenges 174 The Sino-Soviet split and the Third World 176 Cuba as revolutionary example 186 Vietnam and Southeast Asia 196 The Cold War and superpower détente 210 The crisis of decolonization: Southern Africa 223 Southern African liberation and superpower Cold War 224 The collapse of the Portuguese empire 234 The Angolan civil war 244 The Cold War in Africa and the decline of superpower détente 257 The prospects of socialism: Ethiopia and the Horn 266 The Ethiopian revolution and its opponents 269 The emergence of the Soviet-Ethiopian alliance 277 The Ogaden war 289 Soviet interventionism and the collapse of détente 295 The Islamist defiance: Iran and Afghanistan 304 The Iranian revolution and the Cold War 305 The Soviet Union and the Afghan revolution 315 The civil war and the split in Afghan Communism 322 The Soviet decision to intervene 332 The Islamist response 342 The 1980s: the Reagan offensive 347 Third World fragmentation and the origins of the Reagan offensive 350 The war in Nicaragua 355 The war in Afghanistan 364 The United States and the jihad 369 Aid, trade, and ideology 373 The Gorbachev withdrawal and the end of the Cold War 380 Gorbachev’s offensive 381 Out of Afghanistan 388 The causes of the Soviet withdrawal 394 The end of the Third World 403 Conclusion: Revolutions, interventions, and great power collapse 412 Notes 424 Introduction 424 The empire of liberty: American ideology and foreign interventions 424 The empire of justice: Soviet ideology and foreign interventions 427 The revolutionaries: anticolonial politics and transformations 433 Creating the Third World: the United States confronts revolution 437 The Cuban and Vietnamese challenges 444 The crisis of decolonization: Southern Africa 449 The prospects of socialism: Ethiopia and the Horn 459 The Islamist defiance: Iran and Afghanistan 467 The 1980s: the Reagan offensive 476 The Gorbachev withdrawal and the end of the Cold War 482 Conclusion: Revolutions, interventions, and great power collapse 485 Index 487 The Cold War Between The Former Soviet Union And The United States Indelibly Shaped The World We Live In Today -- Especially International Politics, Economics, And Military Affairs. This Volume Shows How The Globalization Of The Cold War During The 20th Century Created The Foundations For Most Of Today's Key International Conflicts, Including The War On Terror. Odd Arne Westad Examines The Origins And Course Of Third World Revolutions And The Ideologies That Drove The U.s. And The U.s.s.r. Towards Interventionism. He Focuses On How These Interventions Gave Rise To Resentments And Resistance That, In The End, Helped To Topple One And To Seriously Challenge The Other Superpower. In Addition, He Demonstrates How These Worldwide Interventions Determined The International And Domestic Framework Within Which Political, Social And Cultural Changes Took Place In Such Countries As China, Indonesia, Iran, Ethiopia, Angola, Cuba, And Nicaragua. According To Westad, These Changes, Plus The Ideologies, Movements And States That Interventionism Stirred Up, Constitute The Real Legacy Of The Cold War. The Empire Of Liberty : American Ideology And Foreign Interventions -- The Empire Of Justice : Soviet Ideology And Foreign Interventions -- The Revolutionaries : Anti-colonial Politics And Transformations -- Creating The Third World : The United States Confronts Revolution -- The Cuban And Vietnamese Challenges -- The Crisis Of Decolonization : Southern Africa -- The Prospects Of Socialism : Ethiopia And The Horn -- The Islamist Defiance : Iran And Afghanistan -- The 1980s : The Reagan Offensive -- The Gorbachev Withdrawal And The End Of The Cold War. Odd Arne Westad. Originally Published: 2005. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 408-470) And Index. The Global Cold War The Cold War shaped the world we live in today -its politics, economics, and military affairs. This book shows how the globalization of the Cold War during the last century created the foundations for most of the key conflicts we see today, including the War on Terror. It focuses on how the Third World policies of the two twentieth-century superpowersthe United States and the Soviet Union -gave rise to resentments and resistance that in the end helped topple one superpower and still seriously challenge the other. Ranging from China to Indonesia, Iran, Ethiopia, Angola, Cuba, and Nicaragua, it provides a truly global perspective on the Cold War. And by exploring both the development of interventionist ideologies and the revolutionary movements that confronted interventions, this book links the past with the present in ways that no other major work on the Cold War era has succeeded in doing. The Cold War shaped the world we live in today - its politics, economics, and military affairs. This book shows how the globalization of the Cold War during the last century created the foundations for most of the key conflicts we see today, including the War on Terror. It focuses on how the Third World policies of the two twentieth-century superpowers - the United States and the Soviet Union - gave rise to resentments and resistance that in the end helped topple one superpower and still seriously challenge the other. Ranging from China to Indonesia, Iran, Ethiopia, Angola, Cuba, and Nicaragua, it provides a truly global perspective on the Cold War. And by exploring both the development of interventionist ideologies and the revolutionary movements that confronted interventions, the book links the past with the present in ways that no other major work on the Cold War era has succeeded in doing. The Cold War shaped the world we live in today - its politics, economics, and military affairs. This book shows how the globalisation of the Cold War during the last century created the foundations for most of the key conflicts we see today, including the War on Terror Prize-winning study of the global conflict waged during the Cold War and its legacy today